Translation Policy & Disclaimer

1. Overview

Seoul Economic Daily English is the English-language edition of 서울경제신문 (Seoul Economic Daily), a Korean financial and economic news publication. The vast majority of articles on this site are translated from the original Korean reporting using large language models (LLMs), with editorial review performed at varying levels of depth depending on the story.

The goal of this edition is to make Korean business, market, and policy reporting readable in English for global audiences. It is not a line-for-line certified translation and it is not a substitute for the original Korean article when accuracy matters materially — for investment decisions, legal filings, academic citations, press releases, or any situation where wording is consequential.

2. How Articles Are Produced

• Source. Each English article begins as a Korean article in the Seoul Economic Daily Korean edition. The original Korean text is the authoritative version; every English article links back to its Korean source at the bottom of the page.
• AI translation. Articles are translated by large-language-model systems (currently from OpenAI and Anthropic), using prompts tuned for Korean financial-news terminology, ticker normalization, and proper-noun handling.
• Editorial review. Translations are spot-checked by editors and, where appropriate, revised for clarity or accuracy. Review depth is not uniform across every article: breaking news and market tickers are published quickly with lighter review; longer features and policy stories receive closer reading.
• Corrections & updates. When a translation error is identified — by our team or by a reader — we update the live article. We do not always append a visible correction notice for translation-only fixes (spelling, phrasing); factual corrections inherited from the Korean source are noted when the Korean desk issues them.
• AI-assisted features. Some features on this site (AI KEY summaries, related-article suggestions, the voice reader, chatbot, and company-news matching) are generated or ranked by machine-learning systems. These are supplementary; see the relevant page’s footer notice for the specific model and scope.

3. Known Limitations of AI Translation

Readers should assume the following classes of error are possible on any given article, and verify against the Korean source before acting on anything material:

• Quotes are not verbatim. Quotations attributed to Korean officials, executives, or analysts are translations of the Korean reporter’s rendering of what was said — not a direct transcript. Quotes from non-Korean speakers may have passed through two translation steps (original language → Korean → English) and may differ from the original wording. For verbatim statements, consult the official source (press release, filing, on-record interview).
• Numbers, dates, and units. We convert Korean conventions (₩ amounts, 억/조 units, lunar-calendar references, Korea Exchange trading sessions) into globally readable form where possible, but unit conversion and order-of-magnitude errors can occur. Always verify figures against the primary filing (DART, KRX, company IR, KFTC, BOK) before citing them.
• Named entities. Korean corporate, personal, and place names can romanize multiple valid ways (e.g., Lee / Yi, Samsung C&T / Samsung Construction & Trading). We use the entity’s own preferred English name when we know it, but fallbacks may not match the version that entity uses officially.
• Regulatory and legal terminology. Korean statutes, agencies, and legal concepts often have no one-to-one English equivalent. We attempt standard renderings (e.g., KFTC, Capital Markets Act, large-business-group designation) but these should be treated as approximations, not legal translations.
• Headlines and summaries. Headlines and short summaries are rewritten for the English edition and may emphasize a different angle than the Korean original. The body text is closer to the source.
• Context loss. Cultural context, Korean-language wordplay, and rhetorical tone sometimes do not survive machine translation. This is most visible in op-eds and features.

4. No Investment, Legal, or Professional Advice

Nothing on this site is investment advice, legal advice, tax advice, accounting advice, or a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold any security. Market data, company rankings, and statutory-calendar events shown in AI KEY features are provided “as is,” for information purposes, and may be delayed, incomplete, or incorrect. Readers acting on this content do so at their own risk and should consult qualified professionals and primary sources (DART, KRX, KFTC, the Bank of Korea, official company disclosures) before making decisions.

5. AI KEY: Additional Notes

Pages under /key/* (AI KEY) combine translated articles with automatically aggregated data — company profiles, affiliate market caps, group rankings, KFTC designation-watch coverage, and DART calendar events. Please note:

• Company tickers, prices, and market-cap figures are pulled from third-party market feeds and may be delayed or stale. Tick-level accuracy is not guaranteed.
• Group rankings (Revenue, Operating Income, Net Income, Employees, Market Cap, Foreign Ownership) are aggregated from the latest available filings and may lag the most recent quarterly report. Methodology is documented alongside each ranking table.
• Calendar events include statutory deadlines (annual / quarterly report filings, KFTC designation) synthesized from Korean law and regulator announcements, merged with live DART disclosures. Statutory dates are codified in law, but actual announcement dates can shift — check the primary regulator for authoritative scheduling.
• Designation Watch aggregates public reporting about companies under scrutiny for the upcoming KFTC large-business-group designation. Inclusion in the watch list is editorial coverage, not a statement that any company will or will not be designated.

6. Copyright & Republication

Seoul Economic Daily retains copyright over both the Korean original and the English translation. Republication, redistribution, or inclusion in training datasets is not permitted without prior written permission. Short quotations with attribution and a link back to the article are welcome.

7. Contact

General questions about the English edition, translation workflow, partnerships, or republication permissions: english@sedaily.com