The common belief that bottled water is cleaner than tap water is being challenged. As overseas studies repeatedly show that some bottled water contains higher microplastic concentrations than tap water, attention is shifting to potential contamination during the packaging process rather than the water itself.
"Same Water Source, But Contamination Rises Once Bottled"
According to research recently featured by UK science publication Phys.org, microplastic concentrations detected in some bottled water products were up to three times higher than in tap water.
Researchers reportedly emphasized that additional contamination can occur during the bottling and distribution process even when using the same water source. The research team explained that detection levels of micro-particles showed a clear tendency to increase as the contact time between plastic containers and water lengthened.
The scale of exposure is also considerable. Research from Concordia University in Canada, published through ScienceDaily, estimated that people who primarily drink bottled water may ingest up to 90,000 additional microplastic particles annually.
The figures were calculated based on drinking water consumption patterns, confirming that total exposure rises sharply as dependence on bottled water increases.
56-100% of Commercial Bottled Water Affected — "Not a Brand-Specific Issue"
The finding that microplastic detection is not limited to certain products is also drawing attention. A separate study published in an environmental science journal reported that microplastics were found in 56% to 100% of commercial bottled water tested.
Researchers analyzed products distributed across multiple countries including Europe and Asia, noting that contamination was detected broadly regardless of brand or production method.
Contamination pathways are also becoming more specifically outlined.
Another study identified friction from opening and closing bottle caps, along with continuous contact between plastic container walls and water, as key causes of micro-particle generation.
Interpretations suggesting that abrasion during the opening process accounts for a significant portion of initial contamination have also been raised.
Researchers reportedly concluded that packaging structure and usage methods, rather than the water itself, may determine contamination levels.
However, research on how microplastics affect the human body remains incomplete.
Some have raised the possibility of inflammatory responses or hormonal disruption, but the prevailing academic view is that additional research is needed to establish direct causal relationships with actual health damage.
Experts advised that "rather than assuming bottled water is always safer, attention should be paid to storage and usage methods," adding that "basic management such as avoiding direct sunlight and not leaving bottles open for extended periods can help reduce contamination risk."
